Por que querer (re)descobrir a psicologia do trabalho no Brasil? / Why do we want to (re)discover work psychology in Brazil?

A história da psicologia do trabalho é plural. Tudo o que se herdou foi sendo objeto de muita controvérsia no âmbito de análises que vieram permitir um melhor esclarecimento de questões deixadas em aberto, consideradas residuais ou até completamente ignoradas. Os posicionamentos críticos deram novo alento aos projetos de renovação da abordagem da experiência humana quando investida na atividade de trabalho. Na academia brasileira, vários contributos o demonstram

The history of work psychology is plural. All that has been inherited has been subject to much controversy within the scope of analyses that have allowed a better clarification of questions left open, considered as residual or even completely ignored. Critical positions have given new vigour to the projects of renovation in the approach to human experience when invested in the activity of work. In Brazilian academia, several contributions demonstrate this.

The Rise of Shop Floor Ergonomics: A Personal Perspective.

OCCUPATIONAL APPLICATIONS Based on a 45-year career as a practitioner in industrial ergonomics, I offer in this paper a personal memoir on how ergonomics came to the shop floor in North America, involving ordinary workers in an early effort to prevent what was at the time an unknown problem - work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders. The actions included the beginning of a low-tech, practical improvement process that is still effective today. In total, the experience can provide encouragement to everybody to be confident in their ability when trying new endeavors and to remember that small initial steps can eventually lead to major change.

Estrés y bienestar en profesionales de enfermería intensiva dentro del ámbito de la donación y el trasplante de órganos: una propuesta desde la psicología de la salud ocupacional / Stress and well-being in nursing professionals of intensive care within the organ donation and transplantation field: a proposal from the occupational health psychology

Los profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en unidades de cuidados intensivos y que participan en las actividades relacionadas con la donación y trasplante de órganos están expuestos a un número importante de estresores en su trabajo, lo que favorece la aparición de determinados riesgos psicosociales como son el estrés laboral, el desgaste profesional, el trabajo emocional, el estrés traumático secundario, el estrés moral y el conflicto entre el trabajo y la familia. Además, los nuevos escenarios que se presentan y van consolidando en nuestro país en relación a la donación de órganos, como son la donación en asistolia controlada y no controlada, o los cuidados intensivos orientados a la donación, generan nuevas situaciones y estresores a estos profesionales que aumentan su exposición al riesgo psicosocial en su trabajo. Por todo ello, aquí llevamos a cabo una revisión y propuesta de las demandas específicas y las causas que podrían influir en el desarrollo de estos riesgos entre estos profesionales, así como sus posibles consecuencias. También se proponen una serie de recursos laborales y personales que podrían ser útiles para afrontar las demandas laborales y que satisfacen muchas de las necesidades apuntadas por organismos de referencia en éste ámbito para la prevención y promoción de la salud y bienestar dentro de este colectivo, así como para la mejora del proceso de donación y trasplante de órganos

Nursing professionals who work in intensive care units and participate in activities related to organ donation and transplantation are exposed to a significant number of stressors their work, which favors the appearance of certain psychosocial risks such as work stress, burnout, secondary traumatic stress, moral stress, and the conflict between work and family. In addition, the new scenarios in our country in relation to organ donation, such as uncontrolled and controlled donation after cardiac death, or the intensive cares oriented to organ donation, generate new situations and stressors among these professionals that increase their exposure to psychosocial risks. Therefore, this paper reviews and proposes the specific demands and causes that could influence the development of these risks these professionals, as well as their possible consequences. It also proposes a series of job and personal resources that could be useful to these workers to face these job demands. These proposals meet many of the needs pointed by reference institutions in this field to prevention and promotion of health and well-being in this group of professionals, as well as to improve the process of organ donation and transplantation

Perspectiva futura de tiempo, satisfacción laboral y compromiso organizacional: el efecto mediador de la autoeficacia, la esperanza y la vitalidad / Future time perspective, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment: the mediating effect of self-efficacy, hope, and vitality

El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar el efecto mediador de la autoficacia, la esperanza y la vitalidad en la relación de la perspectiva futura de tiempo con la satisfacción laboral y el compromiso organizacional. Se aplicó un cuestionario autoinformado a 299 estudiantes de máster con experiencia laboral. Las hipótesis se probaron mediante un análisis de mediación utilizando regresión lineal. Los resultados indican que los tres factores considerados median la relación entre la perspectiva futura de tiempo y la satisfacción laboral. También se encontró que mientras que la autoeficacia y la esperanza median la relación entre la perspectiva futura de tiempo y el compromiso organizacional, la vitalidad no lo hace. Este estudio sugiere que la asociación entre la perspectiva futura de tiempo y las actitudes analizadas no es directa, sino que se transmite, en mayor o menor medida, a través de factores que varían en poder de mediación

El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar el efecto mediador de la autoficacia, la esperanza y la vitalidad en la relación de la perspectiva futura de tiempo con la satisfacción laboral y el compromiso organizacional. Se aplicó un cuestionario autoinformado a 299 estudiantes de máster con experiencia laboral. Las hipótesis se probaron mediante un análisis de mediación utilizando regresión lineal. Los resultados indican que los tres factores considerados median la relación entre la perspectiva futura de tiempo y la satisfacción laboral. También se encontró que mientras que la autoeficacia y la esperanza median la relación entre la perspectiva futura de tiempo y el compromiso organizacional, la vitalidad no lo hace. Este estudio sugiere que la asociación entre la perspectiva futura de tiempo y las actitudes analizadas no es directa, sino que se transmite, en mayor o menor medida, a través de factores que varían en poder de mediación

Effect of leader-member exchange on employee envy and work behavior moderated by self-esteem and neuroticism / El efecto del intercambio líder-subordinado en la envidia del empleado y el comportamiento en el trabajo: la autoestima y el neuroticismo como moderadores

This study investigates the impact of leader-member exchange (LMX) on envy in the workplace and the subsequent effects of envy on work engagement and socially undermining behavior. In addition, the moderating roles of personality traits, such as self-esteem and neuroticism, are examined in this relationship. Paired questionnaires were personally collected from 245 subordinates and 82 of their immediate supervisors. Empirical analysis of the responses revealed: (a) the quality of LMX is negatively related to employee envy in the workplace, (b) employee envy mediates the relationship between LMX and work engagement, (c) self-esteem boosts the relationship between envy and work engagement, but decreases the relationship between envy and social undermining, and (d) neuroticism exacerbates the relationship between envy and social undermining (AU)

En este estudio se investigó el impacto del LMX en la envidia de los empleados en el lugar de trabajo y su efecto en el comportamiento laboral de los empleados, tales como el compromiso con el trabajo y el comportamiento de debilitamiento social. Además, se analizó el rol moderador de rasgos de personalidad tales como la autoestima o el neuroticismo en relación a la envidia y el comportamiento en el trabajo de los empleados. Se recogieron personalmente cuestionarios emparejados de 245 empleados y de 82 de sus supervisores directos (la media era de 3 empleados por supervisor). Los hallazgos de la investigación pueden generalizarse de la siguiente manera: (a) la calidad del LMX está negativamente relacionada con la envidia del empleado en su lugar de trabajo, (b) la envidia del empleado media en la relación entre LMX y el compromiso laboral, (c) la autoestima fomenta las relaciones entre envidia y compromiso laboral pero disminuye la relación entre envidia y debilitamiento social y (d) el neuroticismo sólo potencia la relación entre envidia y debilitamiento social (AU)

A century of progress in industrial and organizational psychology: Discoveries and the next century.

In a century of research published in the Journal of Applied Psychology, we have seen significant advances in our science. The results of this science have broad applications to the workplace and implications for improving organizational effectiveness through a variety of avenues. Research has focused on understanding constructs, relationships, and processes at multiple levels, including individual, team, and organizational. A plethora of research methods and questions have driven this work, resulting in a nuanced understanding of what matters in the workplace. In this paper, we synthesize the most salient discoveries, findings, and/or conclusions in 19 domains. We seek to summarize the progress that has been made and highlight the most salient directions for future work such that the next century of research in industrial and organizational psychological science can be as impactful as the first century has been. (PsycINFO Database Record

Cross-cultural industrial organizational psychology and organizational behavior: A hundred-year journey.

In celebration of the anniversary of the Journal of Applied Psychology (JAP), we take a hundred-year journey to examine how the science of cross-cultural industrial/organizational psychology and organizational behavior (CCIO/OB) has evolved, both in JAP and in the larger field. We review broad trends and provide illustrative examples in the theoretical, methodological, and analytic advances in CCIO/OB during 4 main periods: the early years (1917-1949), the middle 20th century (1950-1979), the later 20th century (1980-2000), and the 21st century (2000 to the present). Within each period, we discuss key historical and societal events that influenced the development of the science of CCIO/OB, major trends in research on CCIO/OB in the field in general and JAP in particular, and important milestones and breakthroughs achieved. We highlight pitfalls in research on CCIO/OB and opportunities for growth. We conclude with recommendations for the next 100 years of CC IO/OB research in JAP and beyond. (PsycINFO Database Record

Factores de riesgo y niveles de burnout en enfermeras de atención primaria: una revisión sistemática / Risk factors and burnout levels in Primary Care nurses: a systematic review

OBJETIVO: Conocer los factores de riesgo y los niveles de burnout en enfermeras de :atención primaria. METODOLOGÍA: Se realizó una revisión sistemática. Fuentes de datos. Se consultaron CINAHL, CUIDEN, LILACS, Pubmed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect y Scopus. Las ecuaciones de búsqueda fueron: «burnout AND community health nursing» y «burnout AND primary care nursing». La búsqueda se realizó en octubre del 2015. Selección de estudios. La muestra final fue de n=12. Se incluyeron estudios primarios cuantitativos que utilizasen el Maslach Burnout Inventory para evaluar el burnout en enfermeras de atención primaria, sin restricción por fecha de publicación. Extracción de datos. Las principales variables fueron la media y desviación típica de las 3 dimensiones del burnout, las prevalencias de niveles bajos, medios y altos de cada dimensión, y los factores sociodemográficos, laborales y psicológicos que potencialmente influyen en su desarrollo. RESULTADOS: Los estudios muestran prevalencias de cansancio emocional alto, por lo general, entre el 23 y el 31%. Las prevalencias de despersonalización alta y realización personal baja muestran heterogeneidad, variando entre el 8-32 y el 4-92% de la muestra respectivamente. Los estudios informan de que las enfermeras con mayor edad, mayor antigüedad laboral, ansiedad y depresión, entre otras variables, presentan mayores niveles de burnout, mientras que aquellas con mayor sueldo, satisfacción laboral alta, apoyo de la organización y buen autoconcepto lo padecen menos. CONCLUSIÓN: El cansancio emocional alto es la principal dimensión del burnout afectada en la enfermería de atención primaria. En despersonalización y realización personal existe heterogeneidad. Debe prevenirse el burnout en estos profesionales potenciando los factores protectores y vigilando su aparición en los que presenten factores de riesgo

OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk factors and levels of burnout in Primary Care nurses. METHODS: A systematic review was performed. Data sources. CINAHL, CUIDEN, LILACS, PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect and Scopus databases were consulted. Search equations were 'burnout AND community health nursing' and 'burnout AND primary care nursing'. The search was performed in October 2015. Study selection. The final sample was n=12 studies. Quantitative primary studies that used Maslach Burnout Inventory for burnout assessment in Primary Care nurses were included without restriction by publication date. Data extraction. The main variables were the mean and standard deviation of the three burnout dimensions, high, medium and low prevalence rates of each dimension, and socio-demographic, occupational and psychological variables that potentially influence burnout level. RESULTS: Studies show high prevalence rates, generally between 23% and 31%, of emotional exhaustion. The prevalence rates of high depersonalisation and low personal accomplishment show heterogeneity, varying between 8%-32% and 4%-92% of the sample, respectively. Studies show that older nurses with more seniority, anxiety and depression, among other variables, have higher burnout levels, while nurses with higher salary, high job satisfaction, organisational support, and good self-concept have less burnout. CONCLUSION: High emotional exhaustion is the main affected dimension of burnout in Primary Care nursing. There is heterogeneity in depersonalisation and personal accomplishment. Burnout must be prevented in these professionals, by increasing protective factors and monitoring its appearance in those with risk factors

Employees’ psychological capital, job satisfaction, insecurity, and intentions to quit: the direct and indirect effects of authentic leadership / Capital psicológico, satisfacción laboral, inseguridad e intención de abandono de los trabajadores: efectos directos e indirectos del liderazgo auténtico

To investigate the impact of an authentic leader on employees’ psychological capital (PsyCap), job satisfaction, job insecurity, and intentions to quit the organisation, mediation analyses, as well as a conditional process analyses, were conducted using data collected from an offshore organisation. Findings showed that employees who perceived their leader as being authentic reported more job satisfaction and less job insecurity and intentions to quit the organisations. Moreover, results also showed an indirect effect of authentic leadership through PsyCap. Finally, the influence of the captains’ authenticity did not vary depending on whether or not the captain was the employees’ immediate superior. Results from this study suggest that efforts should be made to focus on the components of an authentic leader during recruitment, training, or intervention. Conclusively, employees working in the marine/offshore sector are faced with persistent fluctuations and uncertainties, and having an authentic leader will promote job satisfaction, while reducing both job insecurities and turnover intentions among employees (AU)

Con objeto de investigar la influencia del líder auténtico en el capital psicológico de los trabajadores (cap-psi), la satisfacción en el trabajo, la inseguridad laboral y la intención de abandonar la empresa, se llevaron a cabo análisis de mediación y de procesos condicionales con datos sacados de una empresa offshore. Los resultados muestran que los trabajadores que percibían a su jefe como auténtico estaban más satisfechos y con menor inseguridad laboral e intención de abandonar la empresa. También había un efecto indirecto del liderazgo auténtico a través del capital psicológico. Por último, la influencia de la autenticidad de los jefes no variaba por que el jefe fuera el inmediato superior. Estos resultados indican que habría que hacer hincapié en los componentes del líder auténtico durante el reclutamiento, la formación y la intervención. Como conclusión, los trabajadores del sector marino/offshore se enfrentan a continuas fluctuaciones e incertidumbre, por lo que la existencia de un liderazgo auténtico aumentaría la satisfacción a la par que disminuirían tanto la inseguridad laboral de los trabajadores como su intención de abandono (AU)

Riesgos psicosociales en el profesorado de enseñanza universitaria: diagnóstico y prevención / Psychosocial risks in university education teachers: diagnosis and prevention

El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar los riesgos psicosociales de los docentes universitarios e identificar áreas de mejora para una organización saludable en una muestra de 621 docentes de la Universidad de A Coruña. Para ello se aplicó el cuestionario Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (CoPsoQ) adaptado a población española (Método ISTAS21). Los resultados mostraron una situación desfavorable para la salud en cinco dimensiones psicosociales: altas exigencias psicológicas, baja estima, doble presencia elevada, bajo apoyo social y inseguridad elevada en el empleo. Por el contrario, se constató una situación favorable en la dimensión trabajo activo y posibilidades de desarrollo. También se comprobó que no existe un único perfil de profesor universitario en riesgo psicosocial. En conclusión, se presenta un diagnóstico de los riesgos psicosociales de los docentes universitarios y a partir de ese panorama de riesgos se avanzan estrategias para su prevención dentro del ámbito docente universitario (AU)

The aim of this study is to assess the psychosocial risks of university teachers and identify enhancement areas for a healthy organization in a sample of 621 teachers from the University of A Coruña, Spain. To achieve this aim, the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (CoPsoQ) adapted to the Spanish population (ISTAS21 Method) was applied. The results showed an unfavorable situation for psychosocial health in five dimensions: high psychological demands, low esteem, high double presence, low social support, and high job insecurity. In contrast, a favorable situation for health is the dimension active work and development opportunities. It was also found that there is not a single profile of university teacher in psychosocial risk. To conclude, a diagnosis of psychosocial risks of university teachers is made and, in that scenario, some risk prevention strategies at university level are proposed (AU)

How do servant leaders ignite absorptive capacity? The role of epistemic motivation and organizational support / Cómo despiertan los líderes de servicio la capacidad de absorción? El papel de la motivación epistemológica y del apoyo organizativo

This study examines the role of servant leadership in absorptive capacity. Data from manufacturing and service sector organizations found that: a) there was moderation of servant leadership influence on knowledge identification through POS by high need for cognition, b) there was moderation of servant leadership influence on knowledge application through POS by low time pressure, and c) POS mediated relationship between servant leadership and knowledge dissemination. The findings illustrate and support the importance of a comprehensive model integrating servant leadership, POS, and epistemic motivation in determining absorptive capacity (AU)

Este estudio analiza el papel del liderazgo de servicio en la capacidad de ensimismamiento. Los datos procedentes de organizaciones de los sectores industrial y de servicios han observado que: a) se daba una moderación de la influencia del liderazgo de servicio en la detección de conocimientos debida a la percepción de apoyo organizativo por gran necesidad de conocimiento, b) había moderación de la influencia del liderazgo de servicio en la aplicación de los conocimientos a través de la percepción de apoyo organizativo por la baja presión de tiempo y c) la percepción de apoyo organizativo mediaba la relación entre el liderazgo de servicio y la divulgación de los conocimientos. Los resultados ilustran y respaldan la importancia de un modelo global que integre el liderazgo de servicio, la percepción de apoyo organizativo y la motivación epistemológica para determinar la capacidad de absorción (AU)

Entrepreneurial Orientation Scale: adaptation to Spanish

Entrepreneurship is linked to the perception of opportunities, to orientation, to attitudes, to the fear of failure and to entrepreneurial motivations. Entrepreneurial orientation is a fundamental construct for understanding the phenomenon of entrepreneurship. What is more, it is multidimensional and has attracted considerable attention from researchers in recent years. The objective of this study was to adapt the original 12-item English scale to Spanish and to analyze its psychometric properties. The participants in the present study were 925 Spanish employees (48.2% men, 51.5% women, M age = 42.49 years, SD age = 11.25) from the Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Castilla-León. After applying an ESEM (RMSEA = .06; CFI = .97 and TLI = .95) a structure was determined made up of four factors which corroborated the structure of the original scale: Autonomy (α = .71 and CI = .68 - .73), Innovativeness (α = .70 and CI = .67 - .73), Risk Taking (α = .72 and CI = .68 - .74) and Competitive Aggressiveness (α = .70 and CI = .67 - .73). The four factors displayed suitable reliability. The study also found evidences of validity in relation to a series of external correlates and various scales which refer to workaholism, irritation and burnout. The scale presented here may prove useful for satisfactorily identifying, in Spanish, the entrepreneurial orientation of the working population (AU)

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Efecto del clima emocional en el desarrollo del estrés laboral del funcionario penitenciario: un estudio predictivo / Effect of emotional climate in development of the prison professional work stress: a predictive study

El objetivo del estudio es establecer la relación e incidencia del síndrome de burnout y el clima emocional en profesionales penitenciarios, al mismo tiempo que determinar la influencia que el clima emocional y los factores de burnout ejercen sobre cada una de las variables de burnout en las dos formas de entender la prisión. La muestra la conforman 222 profesionales de diferentes establecimientos penitenciarios españoles, que desarrollan su actividad bajo dos modelos penitenciarios: Unidad Terapéutica y Educativa (UTE) y modelo tradicional (No UTE). Los resultados evidencian diferencias significativas entre ambos modelos, tanto a nivel de clima emocional - mayor prevalencia del clima emocional positivo en UTE- como en las características de la realidad de cada uno de los factores de burnout en los modelos evaluados, y el rol que desempeña en la aparición de estos últimos. Ello implica la importancia de su rol en la facilitación de la reinserción social de los penados

The objective of the study is to establish the relationship and incidence of burnout syndrome and emotional climate in prison professionals, while determining the influence that the emotional climate and burnout factors have on each of the burnout variables according to two ways of understanding the prison. The sample is composed of 222 professionals from different Spanish prisons that are carrying out their activities under two different prison models: Therapeutic and Educational Unit (UTE) and traditional module (No UTE). Results show significant differences between the two models whith regard to both the emotional climate - a higher prevalence of positive emotional climate in UTE- and the characteristics of each of the burnout factors assessed in the model, as well as the role played in the emergence of the latter. This highlights the importance of their role in facilitating the social reintegration of prisoners

Personal factors of creativity: a second order meta-analysis / Factores personales y personalidad: metaanálisis de segundo orden

This article integrates seven meta-analyses of individual factors associated with creativity and innovation and reports effects based on one (r) or two or more (r¯) meta-analyses. Emotional intelligence (r=.31), divergent thinking (r¯ =.27), openness to experience (r¯ = .22), creative personality (r¯ = .21), intrinsic motivation (r¯ = .20), positive affect (r¯ = .19), and androgyny (r = .19) are related to creativity. Age (r=.17), intelligence (r¯ = .17), extraversion (r¯ = .13), self-efficacy (r¯ = .13), and extrinsic motivation (r=.11) were also moderately associated with innovation. Pro-risk attitudes (r = .08) and being female (r=.07) were weakly associated with creativity. Results are discussed, explanatory processes described, and practical implications for organizations examined (AU)

Este artículo integra siete meta-análisis sobre factores individuales asociados a la creatividad e innovación y estima el efecto en base a uno (r) o varios (r¯) de ellos. Entre los rasgos que se asocian positivamente a la creatividad se encuentran la inteligencia emocional (r=.31), el pensamiento divergente (r¯ = .27), la apertura a la experiencia (r¯ = .22), la personalidad creativa (r¯ = .21), la motivación intrínseca (r¯= .20), la afectividad positiva (r¯= .19) y la androginia (r = .19). La edad (r=.17), la inteligencia (r¯ = .17), la extraversión (r¯ = .13), la auto-eficacia (r¯ = .13) y la motivación extrínseca (r=.11) se asociaron con menor fuerza a la innovación. Una actitud favorable al riesgo (r=.08) y ser mujer (r=.07) se han asociado débilmente a la creatividad. Se discuten los resultados y posibles procesos explicativos y las implicaciones prácticas para el ámbito organizacional (AU)

Legitimidad y desempeño en el trabajo: cuando el derecho legitima y el merecimiento cualifica / Legitimacy and efficacy at work: when entitlement legitimizes and deservingness qualifies

El modelo estructural del merecimiento () establece dos factores que afectan a las percepciones de legitimidad: el derecho (merecer algo por cumplir las normas establecidas para ello) y el merecimiento (merecerlo por las acciones pasadas realizadas). A pesar de la relevancia de ambos factores, trabajos previos muestran conclusiones diferentes respecto a qué factor es un mejor predictor de la legitimidad. El objetivo de este artículo es explorar la influencia de estos factores al juzgar la legitimidad y las consecuencias positivas asociadas a la elección de un aspirante para un puesto de poder. Los resultados mostraron que mientras que un candidato con derecho para ocupar el puesto se percibe más legítimo, un candidato que merece ese puesto predice unas consecuencias más positivas como resultado de dicha elección. Además, los resultados sugieren que el grado de implicación de los individuos con la elección interactúa con el derecho y el merecimiento (AU)

The structural model of deservingness () posits that entitlement and deservingness are two different predictors of perceptions of legitimacy. Specifically, entitlement refers to the accomplishment of established social rules, whereas deservingness relates to the outcomes that individuals earn as products of their actions. Although both factors are good predictors of perceived legitimacy, previous works show different conclusions about their relevance. The aim of this paper is to further examine the influence of entitlement and deservingness on legitimacy perceptions and on the consequences expected for a candidate who has been elected for a power position. Results showed that whereas a high-entitlement candidate is perceived as more legitimate, a high-deservingness candidate is expected to perform better. Besides, results hint that the level of personal implication with the candidate election plays also a relevant role in combination with entitlement and deservingness, when individuals evaluate the expected consequences of the decision (AU)

Does employee recognition affect positive psychological functioning and well-being?

Employee recognition is one of the typical characteristics of healthy organizations. The majority of research on recognition has studied the consequences of this variable on workers. But few investigations have focused on understanding what mechanisms mediate between recognition and its consequences. This work aims to understand whether the relationship between employee recognition and well-being, psychological resources mediate. To answer this question a sample of 1831 workers was used. The variables measured were: employee recognition, subjective well-being and positive psychological functioning (PPF), which consists of 11 psychological resources. In the analysis of data, structural equation models were applied. The results confirmed our hypothesis and showed that PPF mediate the relationship between recognition and well-being. The effect of recognition over PPF is two times greater (.39) with peer-recognition than with supervisor-recognition (.20), and, the effect of PPF over well-being is .59. This study highlights the importance of promoting employee recognition policies in organizations for the impact it has, not only on well-being, but also on the ositive psychological functioning of the workers (AU)

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The effects of job demands and organizational resources through psychological need satisfaction and thwarting

In Study 1, we tested a model in which two job demands (i.e., changes in tasks and ambiguities about work) and organizational resources (i.e., interpersonal and informational justice) influence work engagement through the satisfaction of individuals' psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. In Study 2, we examined the indirect effects of the same job demands and organizational resources on burnout through need thwarting. We also examined the mediating role of organizational resources in the relationships of changes in tasks and ambiguities about work to need satisfaction (Study 1) and need thwarting (Study 2). Structural equation modeling performed on cross-sectional data collected from 461 workers in Study 1 and 708 employees in Study 2 provided support for the hypothesized models. Specifically, results revealed that changes in tasks and ambiguities about work have direct and indirect effects (via organizational resources) on psychological need satisfaction and need thwarting, which in turn positively predicted work engagement and burnout, respectively (p < .05). Research implications and study limitations are discussed (AU)

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Working together versus working autonomously: a new power-dependence perspective on the individual-level of analysis

Recent studies have indicated that it is important to investigate the interaction between task interdependence and task autonomy because this interaction can affect team effectiveness. However, only a limited number of studies have been conducted and those studies focused solely on the team level of analysis. Moreover, there has also been a dearth of theoretical development. Therefore, this study develops and tests an alternative theoretical perspective in an attempt to understand if, and if so why, this interaction is important at the individual level of analysis. Based on interdependence theory and power-dependence theory, we expected that highly task-interdependent individuals who reported high task autonomy would be more powerful and better performers. In contrast, we expected that similarly high task-interdependent individuals who reported less task autonomy would be less powerful and would be weaker performers. These expectations were supported by multi-level and bootstrapping analyses performed on a multi-source dataset (self-, peer-, manager-ratings) comprised of 182 employees drawn from 37 teams. More specifically, the interaction between task interdependence and task autonomy was γ =.128, p <.05 for power and γ =.166, p <.05 for individual performance. The 95% bootstrap interval ranged from .0038 to .0686 (AU)

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Effects of emotional intelligence on entrepreneurial intention and self-efficacy / Efectos de la inteligencia emocional sobre la intención y la autoeficacia emprendedora

Past studies associated emotional intelligence with positive workplace outcomes, such as job performance and job satisfaction. However, to date, the relationship between emotional intelligence and individual differences in entrepreneurship has been scarcely examined. In this study, the contribution of emotional intelligence dimensions to entrepreneurial potential is explored, controlling for the influence of personality traits and demographic variables. Using a sample of 394 participants, it has been tested, by means of multiple hierarchical regression analyses, the mediating role of entrepreneurial self- efficacy in the relationship between emotional intelligence dimensions and the intention to become entrepreneur. Results indicate that two dimensions of emotional intelligence, regulation and utilization of emotions, positively positively affect entrepreneurial self-efficacy. In turn, the perception of self-efficacy mediates the relation between emotional intelligence and the intention to become an entrepreneur (AU)

Estudios previos relacionan la inteligencia emocional con resultados positivos en el puesto de trabajo, tales como el desempeño y la satisfacción laboral. Sin embargo, la relación entre la inteligencia emocional y las diferencias individuales en emprendimiento han sido escasamente examinadas. En el presente estudio se analiza el efecto de las dimensiones de la inteligencia emocional sobre el potencial emprendedor, tras controlar la influencia de los rasgos de personalidad y variables demográficas. Concretamente, con una muestra de 394 participantes, por medio de análisis de regresión jerárquica, se pone a prueba el rol mediador de la auto-eficacia emprendedora en la relación entre las dimensiones de la inteligencia emocional y la intención de llegar a ser un emprendedor. Los resultados indican que dos dimensiones de la inteligencia emocional, la regulación y la utilización de emociones, afectan positivamente a la auto-eficacia emprendedora. Además, la percepción de auto-eficacia media la relación entre la inteligencia emocional y la intención de ser un emprendedor (AU)